The X-Men are a superhero team in the Marvel Comics Universe. They were created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, and first appeared in The X-Men #1 (September 1963). The basic concept of the X-Men is that under a cloud of increasing anti-mutant sentiment, Professor Xavier created a haven at his Westchester mansion to train young mutants to use their powers for the benefit of humanity, and to prove mutants can be heroes. Xavier recruited Cyclops, Iceman, Angel, Beast, and Marvel Girl, calling them "X-Men" because they possess special powers due to their possession of the "X-gene," a gene which normal humans lack and which gives mutants their abilities. Early on, however, the "X" in X-Men stood for "extra" power which normal humans lacked. It was also alluded to that mutations occurred as a result of radiation exposure.
The first issue also introduced the team's archenemy, Magneto, who would continue to battle the X-Men for decades throughout the comic's history, both on his own and with his Brotherhood of Mutants (introduced in issue #4). The X-Men universe also includes such notable heroes as Wolverine, Storm, Colossus, Nightcrawler, Rogue, Shadowcat, Dazzler, Emma Frost, Cable, and Gambit. Besides the Brotherhood of Mutants, other villains that the X-Men have fought include the Sentinels, Apocalypse, Mister Sinister, and the Hellfire Club.
The X-Men comics have been adapted into other media, including animated television series, video games, and a commercially successful series of films.
Enemies: Brotherhood of MutantsThe Brotherhood of Mutants, originally known as the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants (although its members themselves never used the term), is a fictional Marvel Comics supervillain team devoted to mutant superiority over normal humans. They are among the chief adversaries of the X-Men. The original Brotherhood was created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby and first appeared in X-Men #4 (March 1964).
The group's roster and ideology have varied from incarnation to incarnation, ranging from world domination to serving as a terrorist group that targets anti-mutant public figures. They are almost always at odds with the more peaceful X-Men, though on rare occasions the two sides have allied against a common threat.
The Brotherhood was founded by Magneto and its members were his primary allies in his early battles with the X-Men during the 1960s. The original Brotherhood ultimately disbanded, with Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch going on to become members of the Avengers.
In 1981, the Brotherhood of Mutants was revived under the leadership of Mystique while the group's most visible incarnation during the early 1990s was led by Toad. With each additional incarnation, the group abandoned its political ideology and regressed to the status of "hired goons." Since the end of the 1990s, several incarnations have sought to return to the political roots.
The Brotherhood of Mutants has also appeared in several animated series featuring the X-Men and has been Magneto’s group in the recent X-Men film series.
X-Men Film SeriesThe X-Men film series consists of superhero films based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name. The films star an ensemble cast, focusing on Wolverine (Hugh Jackman), Professor Xavier (Patrick Stewart and James McAvoy) and Magneto (Ian McKellen and Michael Fassbender). The films follow Wolverine as he is drawn into the conflict between Xavier and Magneto, who have opposing views on humanity's relationship with mutants. Xavier believes humanity and mutants can coexist, but Magneto believes that mutants are destined to rule humanity. The films also developed sub-plots based on the comics' "Weapon X" and "Dark Phoenix" storylines.
20th Century Fox earned the film rights to the characters in 1994 and after numerous drafts, Bryan Singer was hired to direct X-Men (2000), and he returned for X2: X-Men United (2003). He left potential third and fourth films to direct Superman Returns, leaving Brett Ratner to direct X-Men: The Last Stand (2006). Critics praised Singer's films for their dark, realistic tone and subtexts dealing with discrimination and intolerance but Ratner's film was met with mixed reviews. Nonetheless, each film out-grossed its predecessor and Fox developed two separate additional series. The first consists of two spin-off films focusing on Wolverine, X-Men Origins: Wolverine (2009), a prequel to the main trilogy explaining the character's origin, and The Wolverine (2013), which follows the events of the main trilogy. The second series, while it retcons some plot points from the original trilogy, is a prequel and focuses on the origins of the two teams, the X-Men and the Brotherhood of Mutants, launching with X-Men: First Class (2011) directed by Matthew Vaughn and set to continue with X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014), with Singer returning as director.
The X-Men films contributed to a re-emergence of superhero films in the 2000s.
Reference:
X-Men Wikipedia
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